CBT explained

Last updated on Aug 23, 2026

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a type of talk therapy that helps people manage problems by changing unhelpful thinking and behaviour patterns. It is goal-oriented and practical, focusing on current issues and teaching coping strategies.

The core principle is that thoughts, feelings and behaviours are interconnected — so changing one can improve the others.

How it works

  • Identifies negative patterns. A therapist works with you to identify unhelpful thought patterns, beliefs and behaviours.
  • Challenges and reframes. You learn to challenge and reframe negative or irrational thoughts with more realistic ones.
  • Develops coping skills. You build practical strategies to manage difficult situations and emotions.
  • Combines cognitive and behavioral techniques for a holistic approach.

What it can treat

  • Mental health conditions: depression, anxiety, panic attacks, OCD, PTSD, eating disorders and phobias.
  • Other health conditions: insomnia, chronic pain, stress and substance use disorders.
  • Emotional concerns: grief, divorce and low self-esteem.

Key characteristics

Collaborative, solution-focused and structured, with homework between sessions — practice exercises are crucial for the therapy to be effective.